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br Acknowledgment This study was supported by Japan Society
2024-01-08

Acknowledgment This study was supported by Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (KAKENHI) [grant number 15K15031]. Introduction Glioma is the leading malignancy of astrocyte origin in the brain. The most aggressive, invasive, and destructive glioma
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In addition to peroxyl radicals the most
2024-01-08

In addition to peroxyl radicals, the most found radical forms in biological systems, some of assays took into account other free radicals such as superoxide anion, hydroxyl, hydrogen peroxide, singlet oxygen and peroxynitrite. ORAC procedure was also modified using different radical sources such as
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The sequential behavioral approach used in the present study
2024-01-08

The sequential behavioral approach used in the present study reinforced the involvement of the BDNF/TRKB system in the effect of losartan. In mice with dampened BDNF expression, losartan was no longer able to exert antidepressant-like effects. Similar to what was observed after losartan treatment, t
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Cyanine 3-dCTP Circular dichroism CD provides useful informa
2024-01-05

Circular dichroism (CD) provides useful information about protein structure, the extent and rate of structural changes and ligand binding. CD is a form of light Cyanine 3-dCTP spectroscopy that measures differences in the absorbance of right- and left-circularly polarized light (rather than the com
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It remains to elucidate whether proteolytic activity is the
2024-01-05

It remains to elucidate whether proteolytic activity is the cause or the consequence of changing levels of peptidergic substrates. In fact, in some cases, the expression of the enzyme does not necessarily parallel with its activity [26], [55], [57] and other factors such as a definite biochemical en
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br Introduction Breast cancer is the most
2024-01-05

Introduction Breast cancer is the most frequently occurring cancer in women, and despite the development of new therapies there has been little decline in the mortality rate over the past decade (Siegel et al., 2015). This is partly due to the genetic diversity of breast cancers, such that there
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Control of retinal vascularization during development and OI
2024-01-05

Control of retinal vascularization during development and OIR likely involves close interactions among endothelial cells, neurons and glial 2-D08 (microglial and astrocytes) (see Fig. 2). In particular, the interaction between endothelial tip cells and astrocytes plays a critical role in developmen
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CI 976 br Free entry equilibrium At stage
2024-01-05

Free entry equilibrium At stage 2 of the game, n ≥ 2 firms simultaneously decide whether or not to enter the industry. Market entry involves a sunk fixed cost f > 0, which we assume cannot be subtracted from the tax base. Our assumption reflects that deductions of market entry costs are often inc
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br Introduction The vacuolar ATPases V ATPases
2024-01-05

Introduction The vacuolar ATPases (V-ATPases) are ATP-driven proton pumps that play important roles in both normal and disease processes [1], [2], [3], [4], [5]. V-ATPases within cells function in such processes as intracellular membrane traffic, protein processing and degradation, coupled transp
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The importance of the ATM Tel to ATR
2024-01-05

The importance of the ATM/Tel1 to ATR/Mec1 switch in the response to DSBs remains to be determined. Noteworthy, resection-defective S. cerevisiae cells, such as sae2Δ, exo1Δ, fun30Δ or sgs1Δ mutants, fail to turn off the checkpoint in response to an unrepaired DSB [56], [127], [128]. Moreover, the s
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Introduction Alzheimer s disease AD is
2024-01-04

Introduction Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex neurological disorder characterized by a progressive dementia resulting from synapse failure (Selkoe, 2002, Tanzi, 2005). The amyloid hypothesis maintains that the pivotal event in AD is the production of amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides following the prote
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br Conflict of interest br Introduction
2024-01-04

Conflict of interest Introduction Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the major cause of tumor-related morbidity and mortality worldwide. Poor prognosis and consequences of its metastatic spread make CRC the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths in western countries [1]. Apart from o
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br Conflict of Interest br Transparency Document br Introduc
2024-01-04

Conflict of Interest Transparency Document Introduction Mitoxantrone (MXT) is an androstenedione chemotherapeutic agent that is used to treat acute nonlymphocytic leukemia, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, prostate cancer, metastatic breast cancer, and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma [13], [14]. It is
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It is worth mentioning that cordycepin as an
2024-01-04

It is worth mentioning that cordycepin, as an adenosine analogue, is structurally similar to adenosine. A previous study has shown that the anti-apoptotic effects of cordycepin are partially dependent on the activation of A1R [16], and cordycepin increases theta waves power density via nonspecific
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Casein accounts for of the total protein
2024-01-04

Casein accounts for 80% of the total protein in bovine milk (Capriotti, Cavaliere, Piovesana, Samperi, & Laganà, 2016); hydrolysates or bioactive peptides derived from casein have been employed widely in food as a functional ingredient (Capriotti et al., 2016, Field et al., 2008). Many studies have
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