• Autocrine regulations of several adipokines e

  2025-01-22

  

  Autocrine regulations of several adipokines (e.g., leptin and resistin) on adipocytes have been reported (Karastergiou and Mohamed-Ali, 2010, Ye et al., 2010). Several lines of evidence have shown that apelin influences adipocyte functions, such as, lipolysis and glucose uptake (Dray et al., 2008, Y

• Apelin is a bioactive peptide and endogenous

  2025-01-22

  

  Apelin is a bioactive peptide and endogenous ligand for the APJ receptor (APLNR), a member of the G protein coupled receptor family that shares a similar sequence as the angiotensin type-1 receptor (AT1) [5]. Early studies demonstrated that the apelin/APLNR receptor axis plays a significant role in

• br Introduction Heart Failure HF is

  2025-01-21

  

  Introduction Heart Failure (HF) is a major and growing health challenge in India and the developing countries. It is one of the most important causes of morbidity and mortality in the industrialized world. The incidence and prevalence estimates of HF are unreliable in India because of the lack of

• Recent retrospective cohort studies have supported these

  2025-01-21

  

  Recent retrospective cohort studies have supported these preclinical findings in animals indicating the correlation of AR activation with the induction of pdk 1 carcinogenesis. First, men with prostate cancer who underwent androgen deprivation therapy were shown to have a significantly lower risk o

• gnrh agonists This suggestion was confirmed by

  2025-01-21

  

  This suggestion was confirmed by immunohistochemical studies in which the immunoreactivity of the enzyme was actually higher at the earlier rather than at the advanced stages of the disease. Importantly, a later study showed that the biochemical signature of 12/15LO enzymatic activation (i.e., 12-HE

• br Discussion In a series of linear mixed effects

  2025-01-21

  

  Discussion In a series of linear mixed effects models of longitudinal neuroanatomical change, we have identified genetic risk variants associated with an increase in TCS JNK 5a mg shape asymmetry in AD. The closest genes associated with significant SNPs include BIN1 (rs6733839), CD2AP (rs10948363

• While the mechanisms by which ALDH regulates cardiac

  2025-01-21

  

  While the mechanisms by which ALDH2 regulates cardiac responses to pathological stress remain unclear, the capillary rarefaction found in pressure-overloaded ALDH2 Tg hearts provides potential clues. Loss of capillary density and diminished endothelial function occur in pathological hypertrophy [46]

• The excellent potencies selectivities and improved PK associ

  2025-01-21

  

  The excellent potencies, selectivities and improved PK associated with the piperazine class triggered more extensive off-target screenings of the highlighted compounds. A screen of more than 100 enzymes, receptors, and ion channels resulted in activity at the norepinephrine transporter (NET). This

• The enzyme mediated ATP sensing mechanism in zebrafish can

  2025-01-21

  

  The enzyme-mediated ATP-sensing mechanism in zebrafish can be compared with previous studies in other animal species reporting that enzymatic conversion of chemicals in the peripheral olfactory organ results in either “activation” or “inactivation” of odorants and pheromones. In male silkmoth, the a

• In the past years the role of the CD

  2025-01-21

  

  In the past 10 years, the role of the CD73-adenosinergic pathway in suppression of anti-tumor immunity has increasingly been recognized [13], [14]. In this review, we discuss the latest findings dealing with the regulation of anti-tumor immunity by CD73 and adenosine. We also discuss ongoing clinica

• br Materials and methods br Results br

  2025-01-21

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion Prostate cancer represents an ideal candidate for chemoprevention because of its high incidence and long latency to clinically significant disease [17]. The precancerous lesion PIN may also be a suitable target for ablation in chemoprevention strateg

• Introduction Apoptosis signal regulating kinase

  2025-01-20

  

  Introduction Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1), a family member of the mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase kinase kinase (MAP3K) family, selectively activates the JNK and p38 MAP kinase pathways in response to various types of stresses, including oxidative stress, and subsequently indu

• In previous years evidence emerged

  2025-01-20

  

  In previous years, evidence emerged that inferred secondary metabolites in plants might exhibit a potential arginase inhibition [36]. In a recent study, Pham and co-workers showed the inhibitory activity of chlorogenic Birinapant (7) and piceatannol (8) (Fig. 3b) on mammalian arginase with IC50s of

• The mitochondrial protein AIF was

  2025-01-20

  

  The mitochondrial protein AIF was the first caspase-independent death effector. AIF can induce caspase-independent chromatin condensation and large-scale DNA fragmentation to approximately 50 KB. AIF that is released to cytoplasm can mediate apoptosis when special extracellular signals trigger the o

• Most human diseases e g cancer diabetes and neurodegenerativ

  2025-01-20

  

  Most human diseases (e.g., cancer, diabetes, and neurodegenerative diseases) are complex and multifactorial. Several investigations in the literature focused on new multi-target drug development, which implies active pharmacophores incorporation in one scaffold (Meunier, 2008, Lazar et al., 2004, Te

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